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I will share about Salesforce’s @RemoteAction.

Features

• You can execute Apex class processes from JavaScript.
• It has the same functionality as actionFunction, but you can use the return value of the process in JavaScript.

For example, you can execute a process to get accounts and use the list of accounts retrieved.

Sample code

• Apex class

 global with sharing class SampleRemoteController {
    @RemoteAction
    global static String setString(String str) {
        return  '----- ' + str + ' -----';
    }
    
    @RemoteAction
    global static List<sObject> exequery(String str){
        return Database.query(str);
    }
} 

Visualforce pages

<apex:page controller="SampleRemoteController">
    <apex:form >
        <!-- @RemoteActionSample:StringSet -->
        <apex:commandButton value=" String " onClick="return  setString('Yaho');" />
         
        <!-- @RemoteActionSample:SOQLGet -->
        <apex:commandButton value=" GetAcc " onClick="return getAcc();" />
        <hr/>
        <div id="output">Output</div>
    </apex:form>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        /*
         * @RemoteActionSample
         * StringSet
         */
        function setString(str) {
            {!$RemoteAction.SampleRemoteController.setString}(str, function(result, event){
                if(event.status) {
                    document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = result;
                }
            });
            return false;
        }
        
        /*
         * @RemoteActionSample
         * SOQLAccountGet
         */
        function getAcc() {
            var query = 'select Id,Name from Account limit 10';
            {!$RemoteAction.SampleRemoteController.exequery}(query, function(result, event){
                if(event.status) {
                    var names = '';
                    for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                        names = names + result[i].Name + ' | ';
                    }
                    document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = names;
                }
            });
            return false;
        }
    </script>
</apex:page>                     

Methods defined as TestMethod do not support Web service callouts.

Example of an error that occurred

@isTest
private class PostTest {
    @isTest
    static void test() {

        Test.startTest();
        Service.execute();
        Test.stopTest();
    }
}

public with sharing class Service {
  @future(callout=true)
  public static void execute() {
    ServiceC sc = new ServiceC();
    sc.post();
   }

}

public with sharing class ServiceC {

  private HttpResponse post() {
    HttpRequest request = new HttpRequest();

    (omission)

    HttpResponse response = new Http().send(request);

    return response;
  }

}

Example of resolving errors

@isTest
private class PostTest {
    @isTest
    static void test() {

        Test.startTest();
        Test.setMock(HttpCalloutMock.class, new ServiceHttpCalloutMock());
        Service.execute();
        Test.stopTest();
    }
}

@isTest
public class ServiceHttpCalloutMock implements HttpCalloutMock {
  public HTTPResponse respond(HTTPRequest req) {
    HttpResponse res = new HttpResponse();
    res.setStatusCode(200);
    res.setBody('test');
    return res;
  }
}

Handling the error “Failed to run tests synchronously.: Your query request was running for too long.” when running a test class

Summary
Test classes failing with QUERY_TIMEOUT Failed to run tests synchronously when running in synchronous mode

Login to the org which has quite number of managed package apex classes.
Run the Apex Test Class from Developer Console in Sync Mode
You may notice below exception when running the apex test class:
Error Message:

“QUERY_TIMEOUT Failed to run tests synchronously: Your query request was running for too long”

Workaround
As a workaround, please try to run the test class in asynchronous mode.